2019年3月10日，历史文化学院2016级全体本科生在学院党委副书记柴蓉、系主任张继刚、张荣、王新春、刘晖等老师的带领下从兰州出发，前往古都西安进行为期一周的考古实习。
第一天：观乾陵、汉阳陵
第一天上午，同学们先后参观了乾陵、永泰公主墓、懿德太子墓和汉阳陵。乾陵位于陕西省乾县北部，是唐高宗李治与中国历史上唯一的女皇帝武则天的合葬墓。乾陵采用唐代帝陵“因山为陵”的建造方式，陵内现存华表、翼马、石狮、无字碑等大型石刻120余件，被誉为“历代诸皇陵之冠”和“盛唐石刻艺术的露天博览馆”。通过参观这些墓葬，同学们直观地学习了唐代墓葬形制等历史文化知识。在无字碑前，老师和同学们讨论了武则天的功过是非。
下午，同学们参观了汉阳陵。汉阳陵是汉景帝刘启及其皇后王娡的同茔异穴合葬陵园，据介绍这是世界上第一座采用先进文物保护技术建成的全地下遗址博物馆，馆内采用玻璃幕墙，将文物与游客分隔在不同温度与湿度的环境中，又使游览者可以近距离观察陪葬坑遗址的原貌，使人颇有“穿越”之感。参观汉阳陵及博物馆、考古陈列馆，使同学们对汉代的帝王陪葬坑形制有了直观的认识。
第二天：感受半坡遗风，观秦始皇兵马俑
第二天清晨，同学们来到西安半坡遗址博物馆进行参观。半坡博物馆是中国第一座史前遗址博物馆。通过观察和教师的讲解，同学们了解了距今大约6000多年前的氏族聚落的社会组织、生产生活方式、风俗习惯以及文化艺术等情况。
随后，同学们前往陕西省临潼县参观秦始皇兵马俑博物馆。博物馆位于秦始皇陵以东1.5公里，临潼县城东部，南倚骊山，北临渭水，是秦始皇为自己所修造的陪葬坑，亦是目前中国最大的古代军事博物馆。秦始皇兵马俑坑规模宏大，出土的兵马俑在艺术史上有极高的价值，因而被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。在参观过程中，同学们无不为秦始皇“振长策而御宇内”、“履至尊而制六合”的气势所震撼。同学们亲临战阵，切身观看、学习了秦朝的军事制度、军队中的官职系统等相关制度。
第三天：欣赏陕西历史博物馆文物，观大雁塔
陕西历史博物馆位于西安市雁塔区，其建筑外观为唐代风格，博物馆按时间顺序布展，展示了三秦大地从旧石器时代至晚清各个时代的精品文物，展现了西安作为汉唐故的风采。同学们一饱眼福，尽览珍贵的文物，感受历史厚度，体会汉唐雄风。
接着，同学们参观了大雁塔及大慈恩寺。据史料记载，唐永徽三年，玄奘法师为保存其从天竺所带回的经卷而主持修造了大雁塔，大雁塔位于大慈恩寺院内。大慈恩寺是李治为了追念其母亲而建立的。
第四天：参观碑林博物馆，登古城墙
考古实习第四天，同学们参观了西安碑林博物馆。该馆是西安创建最早的博物馆，也是收藏我国古代碑石数目最多、时间最早的一座博物馆。西安碑林博物馆以收藏、陈列和研究历代碑刻、墓志以及石刻而在国内诸多博物馆中独树一帜，其中有著名的《曹全碑》、《唐多宝塔感应碑》、《唐玄宗秘塔碑》、《大唐景教流行碑》等碑刻，同学们在感受书法艺术魅力的同时，对碑刻这种传统的文字记载方式有了深刻的认识。
在碑林参观结束后，同学们由文昌门登上了西安城墙。现存的西安城墙为明代所建造，故又称西安明城墙，其位于西安市的中心地区，是我国现存规模最大、保存最为完整的古代城墙。登上城墙的同学们或徒步、或骑自行车在城墙上绕行一周，参观了城墙的四座主城门及城墙博物馆，对古代城市防御系统有了一个形象具体的印象。
第五天：参观西安事变纪念馆，开展党员宣誓活动
实习的最后一天，同学们来到西安事变纪念馆进行参观。西安事变纪念馆位于西安市建国路69号，占地面积7703平方米，是以原张学良公馆为基础的西安事变旧址改建的遗址性博物馆。院内有三幢三层砖木结构小楼及20余间平房，布设有“西安事变史实陈列”、“千古功臣--张学良将军生平陈列”和张学良旧居复原陈列等内容。在参观的过程中，刘晖老师为同学们讲述了西安事变的经过与意义，之后我院党员在纪念馆中进行了党员宣誓。
至此，为期五天的考古实习已至尾声。3月16日早晨，全体师生乘坐由西安开往兰州的k367次列车返回学校，本次西安考古实习圆满结束。
赴西安考古实习是我院本科教学的重要环节，是同学们增长知识、感受历史厚度的重要途径。通过实地考察学习，既巩固了所学知识，开阔了眼界，增长了见识，又践行了“知行合一”的理念，增强了“四自”能力，在学有所获的基础上“浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归”，真正享受到学习的快乐。
学考古是一种怎样的体验？
考古工作者就是这样一群人，他们游走在古代与现代之间，游走在城市与乡村之间，游走在寂寞与惊喜之间。他们生活的很简单，很纯粹，只是希望多一点理解，多一点支持，全社会能够共同守护我们文化遗产，守护我们的历史文脉
西安文化
谁说历史不会再次光顾曾经辉煌过的城市？西安，这座以汉唐雄风闻名于世的千年古都，通过建立最切合自己的城市发展坐标系，找到了一条独一无二的攀升之路，正在神奇地重拾辉煌。
人文西安：让文化唱响世界
———古都西安的战略定位
中国的根在西安。
正因为如此，克林顿来华首站会选择西安，连战、宋楚瑜的寻根之旅要落脚西安。西安成为众多国家政要的必访之地。也是众多中外游客慕名而来的世界著名的历史文化名城和国际旅游城市。
在中华民族光辉灿烂的历史长河中，周、秦、汉、唐等13个封建王朝在西安建都，时间长达1100多年。西安也是世界上第一个人口过百万的国际性大都市和灿烂辉煌的东方文化的集大成者。虽然“西安这座城市，不做帝都已久，但一砖一瓦，都是皇城记忆，一坊一塔，尽皆帝都气象”。
然而，是根，就让人想到深埋地下，可谓“西安无处不遗址”。它不如繁茂的枝叶、鲜艳的花朵、金灿灿的果实那么惹人注目。地下的盘根错节，也让建设变得不易。
历史文化与经济发展，西安经过踟蹰，终于选择了“坚守”，一种智慧的坚守———“把西安建设成为具有历史文化特色的国际性现代化大城市”。科学的发展观基于对历史文化的深度理解与重新定位，历史文化这个曾经的包袱就如点石成金，成为改变城市的巨大动力，使西安成为2006年国内外瞩目的焦点。
2006年3月底，汉阳陵地下博物馆甫一亮相，就使世人为西安震惊。不仅仅是因为那些令人叹为观止的文物，更因为现代化的展示手段和先进的文物保护理念。这座被誉为世界上最好的遗址博物馆，在国内首次采用了特殊玻璃全封闭的保护与展示手段，为遗址创造了一个尽可能接近发掘前的原始环境；而游客则在展品和遗址没有丝毫移动的原本状态下“零距离”地欣赏这座巨大的文物宝库，最先进的影视成像技术还可以让人们感受当年的历史事件。原来文物保护与展示还可以这样做，人们赞叹道。
2006年10月下旬，“人文奥运、盛典西安”在大明宫遗址上举行，古老与现代，宫殿与废墟，穿过时光的隧道，恍如昨天。大明宫遗址、西安、奥运，三者巧妙地结合在一起，互相借势。对于西安来说，奥运的影响力将西安独特的文化魅力推向了一个高潮。
2006年6月初，由联合国开发计划署等发起的首届丝绸之路投资论坛在西安召开，300多名中外政要、专家和嘉宾与会，规模与规格都令主办方始料未及。两千多年前的古丝绸之路架起了中国与外部世界联系的桥梁，昔日丝绸之路的起点长安，如今在推动丝绸之路沿线地区经贸文化发展的进程中，再一次吸引了世界的目光，成为吸引投资的热点。
论坛上，全国唯一在原址上重建的大型商业旅游文化产业项目———大唐西市精彩亮相。这个将在丝路原点建设、重现唐时丝路商贸盛况的项目引起了与会中亚国家的高度关注和热烈反响。吉尔吉斯斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦两国政府部门及商会亲临现场考察，并当即与大唐西市签订了合作意向。
2006年底，作为丝路投资论坛的又一个具体成果，中国历史文化名城委员会丝绸之路文化研究中心在西安正式成立，众多专家参加的丝路文化西安国际研讨会，再度明确了西安在丝绸之路上不可动摇的起点地位。“隋唐丝绸之路的起始点就在唐长安西市”与会专家的论断铿锵有力……
这些文化事件的成功，也让西安更加认识到，一个城市的复兴必须紧紧抓住它最具特色的一点。对于西安来说，那就是历史文化。因为在中国的众多城市中，只有西安是与罗马、开罗、雅典并称的世界四大古都，只有西安拥有中华文明深深的根基，它是最有条件、最有资格成为一个用文化与历史来定位的城市。这些成功的文化事件，使西安的影响力、号召力越来越大，所获取的“注意力”也越来越多，这些都将成为这座城市的“无形资产”，势必在今后结出硕果。
大唐西市：文化改变生活
———人文西安的生动写照
当然，西安不会满足于让自己止步于一个古老城市的羁绊，成为过去时代辉煌的印记。怎样才能让历史从深埋的黄土之下走进人们的生活，复活汉唐时代的精神、传承历史文化之精髓？怎样才能利用深厚的文化积淀，协调好历史资源的保护与开发，发展文化产业？怎样才能让自己的城市发展路径，成为一个城市发展的独特范本？是西安的决策者们必须思考的首当其冲的问题。
在刚刚召开的党代会上，西安再度明确了自己的战略选择，那就是人文西安、活力西安、和谐西安，这也是建设具有历史文化特色的国际性现代化大城市的重要内容和强力支撑。历史文化资源优势的利用已经不仅仅停留在它的造势功能上，而是更充分地向产业转化，成为经济发展的推动力。今后五年，西安将建设一批集商贸旅游会展功能为一体的旅游、文化产业和现代服务业的大项目，形成与现代都市生活紧密衔接、与世界历史文化名城配套相符的服务经济体系。
大唐西市项目，正是西安的决策者们对城市复兴的一次伟大尝试。
西市是隋唐丝绸之路的起始点。史载，唐时的西市占地1600亩，建筑面积100多万平方米，汇聚了酒肆、衣行、药店、古器、珠宝、铁铺、法烛、声色艺伎等220行，商铺上万家，商业贸易西至罗马，东到高丽（今韩国和朝鲜）。唐长安西市作为中国民族商业和世界各国商业相融合而生成的现代商贸形式的雏形，即使在今天，它也称得上是占地面积最大、建筑面积最大、业态最发达、辐射面最广的世界Shopping－mall的鼻祖。
千余年的历史文化背景和独特的商业渊源，使大唐西市项目即使在历史文化资源丰富的西安，也可以自豪地说，自己拥有的是具有唯一性的稀缺资源。它是西安乃至全国唯一在原址上重建的大型商业旅游文化产业的项目，是西安乃至全国唯一全面反映盛唐九宫格局商业文化的项目，是西安乃至全国唯一可以用丝路起点命名的项目。
正是这些独一无二的资源，使建设者们有信心利用国际化的视野、开放性的思维，让历史真正走进生活，把历史的文化内涵和现代人的生活理念，完美的结合在一起，在西安形成一个直接拉动经济增长的独特的商业旅游文化产业精品。
一方面，大唐西市充分利用丝路起点的特殊地位和巨大的号召力，积极参与各项与丝路有关的活动：通过赞助丝绸之路投资论坛推介自己也宣传西安；与政府部门一道组织专家学者和策划推广人员几度丝路寻踪，东到日本，西到罗马、雅典、开罗、伊斯坦布尔，召开国际研讨会，与国外旅游部门和商家洽谈未来合作，宣传西安，推介西市，吸引原丝路国家来大唐西市进行商业贸易，吸引外国朋友旅游、参观、购物、激发他们了解西安历史文化的浓厚兴趣。大唐西市的决策和建设者们多次往返丝路沿线国家，积极倡导在大唐西市设立丝绸之路交易会永久场馆，得到各国商会的积极响应。巴基斯坦贵宾关注西市寻求商机，土耳其演艺公司即将来洽谈合作建设民俗馆……
另一方面，大唐西市项目充分地发挥原真性遗址的魅力。他们不惜损失商业开发的面积和利益，花费大量心血建造大唐西市的遗迹保护展示厅和博物馆，使之成为“西安客厅”。因为正是这些遗迹对项目的文化内涵和品位有大幅提升，成就了西市独一无二的特质，也成为西市最具号召力的资源。那些依然留存西市的“东北十字街”的遗迹，由西北唯一有国家一级资质的西安文物保护中心精心保护，并将采用汉阳陵式的现代化手段加以展示。人们站在丝绸之路起点上，能够看到隋唐时代商业繁盛的大街和桥涵；能够感受到从未体验过的唐代市井生活和商业氛围；原真性地还原历史、零距离地体验历史，让人们在旅游、购物的同时，体会盛唐丰富的、开放的文化内涵。
而最为独特的是，大唐西市将通过弘扬大唐商业文化精髓，打造具有独特竞争力的商业旅游文化产业项目。
以丝绸之路为品牌的丝路风情一条街，不仅可以看到原汁原味的丝路重要节点城市的建筑，买到当地客商经营的土特产品，更能够度步穿梭于“丝绸之路”，领略时空流转，体味异国风情……这里定期举办“丝绸之路交易会”，作为民间发起的一个国际盛会，将促进西市尽快形成巨大的国际商贸市场，成为丝路各国展示经济发展成果的窗口和国际名牌及特色商品集散的平台，增进各国人民的友好往来和传统友谊。凭借丝路起点和古都西安的号召力，大唐西市还将建设一个大规模、上档次的西安国际古玩市场，以便“既有利于政府对古玩市场的监管，又能充分体现古城的特色。”通过规范经营和健康快速的发展，成为与西安历史文化名城地位相符的全国古玩艺术品交易和拍卖中心。还有餐饮一条街、酒吧娱乐一条街、地下一层的shoppingmall、国际旅游纪念品集散地，还有充满丝路特色、异域风情的胡乐舞表演厅……
大唐西市各具特色的功能街区，不仅延续了盛唐西市丰富的商业业态，为中外游客和市民提供了琳琅满目的商品及服务，而且演绎了金市万商云集的盛况，展示了千年丝绸之路的风情，成为寻古淘宝、购物休闲的必游之地和投资、经营的聚财之源。
据统计，外国游客在西安的平均逗留期为2.9天，每一天的消费额为180美元。而大唐西市这样的国际化商旅文化产业项目，以其深厚的历史文化渊源和丰富独特的观光购物娱乐项目，提升西安旅游文化的内涵，延长中外游客的逗留期，增加观光购物的兴趣和消费额，推动西安旅游产业的快速发展。
往昔，唐长安西市被誉为“金市”，它是都城的聚宝盆和世界的物流中心，它佐证着大唐的繁荣和鼎盛。
今天，大唐西市是落实科学发展观的一个生动实践，是城市文化复兴的一个亮点，它传承着历史文化，改变着人们的生活，凝结着民族的自豪感。
大明宫，千年基座上“盛典西安”的辉煌演艺，已成为北京奥运的序曲唱遍神州……
大唐西市，丝路起点上构筑的“西安客厅”，则是西安人民献给零八奥运的又一份厚礼……
大唐西市在崛起，你感受到它那文化之旅渐行渐近的坚实脚步了吗？
Who says history will once again patronize the glory of the city » Xian, famous for glory this to the Han and Tang Dynasties, the capital, through the establishment of most suited to their own urban development coordinates, found a unique way up, is magically regain glory.
Humanities Xian: singing the world culture
-- The strategic positioning of the ancient city of Xian
Chinas roots in Xian.
Because of this, Clinton will choose to China at the first stop of Xian, Lien Chan and James Soongs trip to Roots settled in Xian. Xian to become politicians in many countries will visit the place. Mu Ming also many Chinese and foreign tourists from the world-famous historical and cultural city and international tourist city.
In the long history of the brilliant Chinese nation, Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang and other 13 feudal dynasty in Xian Capital for up to 11 years. Xian is also the worlds first population of over 1 million international metropolis and the brilliant oriental culture to the master. Although "the city of Xian, not Royal Park has been a long time, but a brick tile, are Imperial memory, a forum of a tower, Jinjie Royal Park weather."
However, the root, people thought buried deep underground, can be described as "ubiquitous site in Xian." It should lush foliage, bright flowers, Jincan Can the fruit so dramatic. The ground floor of intertwined, so that the building has become difficult.
History, culture and economic development, Xian after Chi Chu, and finally select the "stick", a kind of wisdom of the stick - "the Xian into a historical and cultural characteristics of a modern international city." The scientific concept of development based on historical and cultural depth of understanding and re-positioning, history and culture which was once a burden as Diandanchengjin, a change the citys tremendous driving force to Xian in 2006 to become the focus of attention at home and abroad.
By the end of March 2006, Han Yangling Museum parents, Anne and the ground floor appeared to shock the people of the world to Xian. Not only because those remarkable heritage, but also because the display of modern and advanced means of the concept of heritage conservation. The worlds best known as the site of the museum, the first time in the country-wide use of a special glass protection and closed the show means to create a site as close as possible to explore before the original environment and tourist sites in the exhibits and Do not have the slightest movement of the original state of "zero distance" to enjoy this great treasure trove of cultural relics, the most advanced video imaging technology also allows people to feel that the historic event. The original heritage preservation and display can also do so, people praise Road.
In late October 2006, the "Peoples Olympics, Xian Festival" held in Daming Gong ruins, ancient and modern, and the palace ruins, through the tunnel of time, like yesterday. Daming Gong site, Xian, the Olympic Games, three cleverly combined with each other Jieshi. For Xian, the Olympics will be the influence of the Xian unique cultural charm to a climax.
Early June 2006, launched by the United Nations Development Programme, and so the first Silk Road Investment Forum held in Xian, more than 300 Chinese and foreign dignitaries, experts and guests attending, size and specifications are to host surprise. More than 2,000 years ago in the ancient Silk Road served as China and the outside world as a bridge, the old Silk Road from Changan, now in the areas along the Silk Road to promote trade and economic and cultural development in the process, once again attracting the attention of the world , To attract investment into the hot spots.
Forum, the only in-situ on the reconstruction of large-scale commercial tourism and cultural industries in the project - the largest Tangxi brilliant appearance. The original point of the Silk Road will be in the building, when the Silk Road trade Tang reproduce the success of the project from the Central Asian countries attending a high degree of attention and enthusiastic response. Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, the two government departments and trade associations in person to inspect and immediately with the Tangxi signed the cooperation intent.
The end of 2006, as the Silk Road Investment Forum, a further concrete results, the Chinese Historical and Cultural Cities Committee on the Silk Road Culture Research Center was officially established in Xian, many experts to participate in the International Symposium on the Silk Road culture of Xian, Xian in the clear again on the Silk Road The starting point of an unshakable status. "The starting point on the Silk Road, Sui and Tang dynasties in Anxi city of Tang" The experts of the thesis sonorous strong……
The success of these cultural events, but also to become more aware of Xian, a city must seize the rejuvenation of its most characteristic point. For Xian, that is, history and culture. Because of the many cities in China, Xian is only with Rome, Cairo, Athens said the four ancient capitals of the world, only in Xian has deep roots of Chinese civilization, it is the most qualified and most are eligible to become a cultural and historical use To target the city. The success of these cultural events, so that Xians influence, more and more appeal, obtained by the "attention" more and more, these will become the citys "intangible assets", it is bound to bear in the future Fruits.
Tangxi big city: cultural change in life
-- A vivid portrayal of humanity in Xian
Of course, Xian will not meet its own to stop in an ancient city in the yoke, as the imprint of the past era of glory. How can we let history from deep under the loess into peoples lives, the revival of the spirit of the Han and Tang Dynasties era, the historical and cultural heritage of the essence » How can we use profound cultural accumulation that coordinate the protection of historical resources and development, the development of cultural industries » How can we let our own path of urban development, urban development as a unique model » Xian is the thinking of policy-makers must bear the brunt of the problem.
In the recently held the party congress, Xian again their clear strategic choice, that is, the humanities Xian, Xian dynamic, harmonious Xian, which is building a historical and cultural characteristics of the modern international city and an important content of strong support. Historical and cultural advantages of using resources has not stop at its functions created, but more fully to the industrial transformation, becoming a driving force for economic development. The next five years, Xian will build a number of tourism-trade exhibition features as one of tourism, cultural industries and modern services in large projects, with the formation of modern urban life closely co-ordinated, and the world historical and cultural city in line with supporting the service economy.
Tangxi big city, Xian is the decision-makers in urban rejuvenation of a great try.
West City is the starting point of the Silk Road Sui and Tang dynasties. History set, when the Tang Dynasty City, an area of 1,600 acres of the West, the building area of more than 100 million square meters, brought together Jiusi, clothing line, a pharmacy, ancient, jewellery, Tiepu, France candle, Shengse Geisha, and other 220 firms, shops, 10000, Rome, business, trade west, east to Korea (South Korea and North Korea today). Tang long Anxi city as Chinas national business and countries in the world of business integration and the formation of the embryonic form of modern commerce, even today, it also be regarded as the largest area, building area of the largest, most developed Form, the most widely Fushe Mian Shopping-mall world of the originator.
More than 1,000 years of historical and cultural background and unique business sources, the Tangxi city projects even in the rich historical and cultural resources in Xian, can also be proud to say that he has the unique nature of scarce resources. It is the only country in Xian and in-situ on the reconstruction of large-scale commercial tourism and cultural industries, and Xian is Chinas only fully reflect the Tang Dynasty Jiugong pattern of commercial and cultural projects, and Xian is the only starting point for the Silk Road can be named Projects.
It is these unique resources to enable builders to have confidence in the use of international vision and open way of thinking, let history into the real life, the history of modern cultural connotation and philosophy of life, the perfect combination, Xian to form a direct boost economic growth and unique business tourism and cultural industries boutique.
On the one hand, the Tangxi starting point for the Silk Road city take full advantage of the special status and enormous appeal, and actively participate in various activities related to the Silk Road: Silk Road Investment Forum, sponsored by himself to promote publicity of Xian, an organization with government departments Experts and scholars and planning to promote several officers Pursuit Silk Road, east to Japan, west to Rome, Athens, Cairo, Istanbul, the convening of an international seminar on the tourism sector and with foreign businessmen discuss future cooperation, publicity Xian, in the West to promote and attract The original Silk Road countries to the Tangxi city commercial trade, tourism to attract foreign friends, visits, shopping, inspire their understanding of the history and culture of Xian great interest. The city of Tangxi and builders of their decision-making on many occasions and from the countries along the Silk Road, actively promote the establishment of the city in the Silk Road Trade Fair Tangxi permanent venues, receive a positive response from States Chamber of Commerce. Pakistan concerned about the VIP seek business opportunities in the West, Turkey is about performing arts companies to discuss cooperation Folk Museum building……
On the other hand, the Tangxi City project full play to the site of the charm of Authenticity. At the loss of their commercial interests and development of the area, spend a lot of effort in the construction of the Tangxi protection of the relics of the Exhibition Hall and Museum, to become the "Xian living room." It is precisely because of these projects remains on the grade of cultural connotation and a substantial upgrading of the achievements of the unique characteristics of West City, West City has become the most appeal resources. Those who still retained the Wests "Northeast Cross Street," a relic from the Northwest at the national level only qualified heritage conservation center in Xian carefully protected and will use the Han Yangling-modern means to be displayed. People on the Silk Road starting point, be able to see the Sui and Tang Dynasties era busy commercial street and bridges and culverts; have never experienced the feel of the Tang Dynasty Town life and business climate; Authenticity to restore history, distance to experience history, Let people in the tourism, shopping at the same time, the rich experience of the Tang Dynasty, opening up the cultural connotations.
The most unique is that the city will promote the Tangxi Datang commercial and cultural essence, creating a unique competitive business tourism and cultural industry projects.
